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C. E. GAREY.

GAR SPRING.

No. 364,008. Patented May 31, V1887.-

N PETEPS, Phumilhognpiwr. washington. D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT Ormea.

CALEB E. GAREY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CAR-SPRING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Lettersl Patent No. 364,008, dated May 31`1887.

l Application filed January 14, 1887. Serial No. 221,316. (No model.)

T all whom/it may concern:

Be it known that I, GALEB E. GAREY, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, county of New York, and State of New o York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Springs, which arefully described and represented in the following specification andtheaccompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relatesl particularly to a springjwhich is especiallyadapted for use upon street-cars and other similar vehicles and to themanner of connecting the spring to the car and to the axle-box, it beingthe object of the invention to employ fiat metal springs of thehalf-elliptic form, instead of the spiral or rubber springs which haveheretofore beeny used upon this class of cars. r

- As a full understanding of the invention can only be given by anillustration and a detailed description of the spring and itsconnections, all preliminary description will be omitted and a fulldescription given, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,inwhich- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of an ordinarystreet-car, showing the improve ments constituting the present inventionap-v plied thereto. Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are enlarged cross-sectionstaken, respectively, on theA lines v o, w 10,05 w, y y, and z z of Fig.l. Figs. 7 and 8 are sectional views upon a like scale, taken on theline a: fr of Figs. 2 and 3, respectively; and Fig. 9 illustrates amodification which will be hereinafter explained.

Referring to said iigures, it is to be understood that A represents oneof the axles, B one of the wheels, G the axle-box at one end of the axleA, and D one of the side sills, of an ordinary street-car. The axleeboxC in the preferred form, which is shown in Figs. 1, 5, and 6,is ofsubstantially the same general construetion as the box shown anddescribed in United States Letters Patent N o. 288,780, granted November20, 1883, to WilliamDon, and therefore a brief description of this partof the construction will suffice.

The box consists of a shell or casing, c, provided at its rear or inside.with an opening through which the end of the axle is introduced, andopen at its front to permit the in troduction of the journal-bearing 26and the lubricating apparatus 27. The front of the box is closed by aremovable plate, 10, and its rear by a removable plate, 28, having anopening through which the axle passes. The upper edges of these. platesfit into recesses lforme'd in the upper part of the shell c, and

serve to hold the plate very rmly in place` when the vnut on the bolt 29is tightened up. The axle is provided with washers 3() 31, made ofleather and rubber or similar material, and

interposed between the plate 28 and the shell c, by which dustl isprevented from entering and the oil from escaping from the box. The`front of the box is also provided with a removable plate, 9, whichserves to receive the thrust of thegaxle when the bearing 26becomesworn. It isto be remarked that in Fig. 1 the box is shown with theplates 9 10 removed.

The axle-box is provided at its lower edges with side projections, 12,having openings to receive the ends of a pair of clips, 13, by which thespring is made fast to the box. The box may be dat upon its under side,or may be slightly curved; but it will preferably be provided with arounded shoulder or projection, 14, as shown, which will fit into acorresponding bend in the spring. The purpose of this is to aid theclips in preventing the spring from moving bodily endwise along the box.

The spring E is of the ordinary flat halfelliptic form, and is composedof a number of 9o leaves, c, of different lengt-hs, arranged one uponanother in the usual manner, and suitably bent to conform to the shapeof the under side of the axle-box. The spring thus constructed issecured to the box b'y means of the clips 13, as shown in Figs. 1 and 6.In order to prevent the clips from becoming loosened by the jarringofthe car when in motion, and also to -permit the spring to yieldslightly against the box and thus reduce the liability of no l rlhisrubber plate also performs another iin` portant function in reducing ordeadening the noise made by the running of the car-wheels on the rails,in that it prevents the vibrations of the wheels from being communicatedto the spring and vthence to the car. To hold vthis rubber plate inposition, the axle-box is provided at its edges with downwardly-projecting anges 7, (see Fig. 5,) which embrace the sides of the plate 8, andnot only prevent it from spreading laterally, but also prevent it fromshifting and becoming displaced.

The spring E is provided at one end with an upwardly-turned ilange, 6,(see Fig. 8,) which enters a recess formed in the under side of a block,15, which is secured to the under side of the sill D. The block 15 iscovered by what Iterm a graduating-plate,7 1 6, and the block and plateare of such form, as shown, that as the end of the spring is presseddownward by the increasing load the plate is brought to bear upon thespring at points nearer and nearer to the axle, thus graduallyincreasing the strength of the spring as .it is cQmpressed, and viceversa. The flange 6 of the spring ismade to fit loosely into the recessin the block 15 and plate 16, but is surrounded by a rubber cushion orpacking, 17 as best shown in Fig. 8, which serves to prevent the flange6 from rattling in the recess and yet permits the connection between thespring'and the car to yield slightly and thus avoid sudden shocksV andstrains when the car is started and stopped or the wheel meets anobstruction on the track. The packing 17 will also yield sufficiently toavoid danger of breaking the flange 6 as the spring is compressed andexpanded. The iiange 6 and packing 17 are held securely in the recess bymeans of a clip, 18, (see Figs. 3 and 8,) which passes around the sill,including its panel or face-plate d and the block 15, and beneath theend of the spring. rlhe opposite end of the spring E is looselyconnected to the sill D in such manner as to be capable of alongitudinal movement in the direction of the length of the sill as itexpands or is compressed. For this purpose the sill is provided upon itsunder side with a second block, 20, having a recess, 5, of considerableextent. (See Fig. 7.) The block 20 is of substantially the saine shapeas the block 15, and is provided with a graduatingplate, 21, similar tothe plate 16, and for the saine purpose. l

Located in the recess 5, and interposed between the free end of thespring and the block 20, is an anti-friction roll, 22, (see Figs. 1, 2,and 7,) which, as the spring expands and is compressed, rolls betweenthe end of the spring and the block, and thus reduces the frictionbetween the two. The recess 5 and roll 22 may be omitted, and the end of the spring allowed to bear directly against the plate 21; but it ispreferable to provide the roll, as by that means the friction betweenthe parts is greatly reduced. The roll 22 is retained in its position inthe recess by means of plates l23, which are bolted to the sides of thesill and extend downward past the ends of the recess, and the end of thespring is held in position against the roll by means of a bolt, 24,which passes through the plates beneath the end of the spring. The endof the spring is bent upward slightly, as shown at 1, so as to preventit from being withdrawn from between the roll and the bolt 24. This willprevent the end of the spring from being withdrawn from between the rolland bolt in case the Wheel B is raised from the track-rail or theground.

of an unusual jar, the sills or the tops of the boxespreferably thesills-will be provided with rubber buffers F, (see Figs. 1 and 4,)located in such positions as to be interposed between tlie boxes andsills, so as to take the load whenever the springs E are compressed toan unusual extent.

- The axle-boxes C will, as before stated, preferably be of the formshown in Figs. 1, 5, and 6; but they maybe of other forms, if preferred.For example, they may be of the form'shown in Fig. 9. In this case theclips 13, instead of passing around the spring and through openings inflanges projecting from the sides of the axle box, pass around the boxand through plates 25 upon opposite sides of the spring, which clamp thespring and hold it against the under side of the box. .A rubber platemay also in this case be interposed between the spring and the box. Inthis case, also, the projection 14 is omitted from the box, and thelongitudinal movement of the spring is prevented bythe bolt 3, the endsof which lit into recesses formed in the plates 25.

The present invention, although especially designed for street-cars, isapplicable to other similar cars and vehicles.

1. The combination, with the car and the axle-box, of the spring E, ofthe half-elliptic form, connected to the box and having one of its endsconnected immovably to Athe car, whereby the draft is transmitted to theaxlebox through the spring, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the car and the axle-box, of the spring E, ofthe half-elliptic form, the graduating-plate 16, and the rubber packing17, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the car and the axle-box, of the spring E, ofthe half-elliptic form, connected t the axle-box and having one endconnected immovably to the car and connected tothe laxle-box, wherebythe draftis transmitted to the box through the spring, and the rubberplate 8, interposed between the ICO IIO

substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the car and the axle-box, of the spring E, ofthe half-elliptic iorm, the graduatingyplate 16, the rubber packing 17,and the rubber plate 8, substantially as described.

5. r1 ?he combination, with the ear and the axle-box, of the spring E,of the half-elliptic form, connected to the axle-box, and having one endconnected movably and the other immovably to the car, and thegraduating-plates 16 21, substantially as described..

6. The combination, with the car and the axle-box, of the spring E, ofthe half-elliptic form, connectedto the axle-box and having one endconnected movably and the other immovably to the car, thegraduating-plates 16 21,'and the roll 22, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the car and the axle-boxes, of springs E, ofthe half-elliptic form', connected at their middles to the axleboxes andat their ends to the car, whereby the draft is transmitted to the boxesthrough the springs and the wheels and axles are maintained in theirproper relation to each other and to the car, and the lateral thrust ofthe car resisted Wholly by the springs, substantially as' described.

8. The combination, with the car -and the axle-box having the roundedshoulder 14, of the springs E, of the half-elliptic form, bent 3c toconform to said shoulder and secured firmly to the under side of theaxle-box, and connected at one end movably and at theother CALEB E. GAREY.

Witnesses:

J. A. HovEY, J AMEs J. KENNEDY.

